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[The immune system and physical training]

B K Pedersen1, N Tvede

  • 1Epidemiafdeling M og medicinsk afdeling TTA, Rigshospitalet, København.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|March 22, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Moderate exercise boosts immune cells temporarily, while strenuous exercise suppresses them, increasing infection risk. Trained individuals show enhanced natural killer cell activity at rest.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology

Context:

  • Physical exercise significantly impacts immune system function.
  • The degree of exercise intensity and training status are critical factors modulating immune responses.

Purpose:

  • To review the effects of physical exercise intensity and training on the immune system.
  • To evaluate the relationship between physical training and susceptibility to acute and chronic diseases.

Summary:

  • Moderate and strenuous exercise mobilize immune cells like natural killer (NK), T, and B cells into circulation.
  • Strenuous exercise leads to a temporary suppression of lymphocyte concentration and NK/B cell function, potentially mediated by prostaglandins and stress hormones.
  • Trained individuals exhibit higher resting NK cell activity compared to untrained controls.

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Impact:

  • Findings suggest moderate training may reduce infection frequency, while very intense training could increase upper respiratory disease risk.
  • Understanding these immune modulations is crucial for optimizing training regimens and health outcomes.