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Related Experiment Videos

Sample sizes for prevention trials have been too small

F Ederer1, T R Church, J S Mandel

  • 1School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

American Journal of Epidemiology
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Prevention trials often overestimate event incidence due to uncorrected population selection effects. This leads to underpowered studies, necessitating better sample-size planning for future prevention research.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Trial Design

Background:

  • Large prevention trials frequently overestimate event incidence in control groups.
  • This overestimation is often due to failure to account for population selection effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a taxonomy of population selection effects impacting prevention trials.
  • To provide guidelines for adjusting sample-size calculations in prevention studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review and categorization of population selection effects (target population choice, self-selection, protocol exclusions).
  • Analysis of the influence of these effects on event incidence and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • Population selection effects can lead to underpowered or shortened prevention trials.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Limited data exists on adjusting for these effects in sample-size planning.

    • Conclusions:

    • Accurate sample-size planning in prevention trials requires accounting for population selection effects.
    • More detailed data on incidence and mortality in control groups is needed from various studies.