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Angiotensin II receptor subtypes: characterization, signalling mechanisms, and possible physiological implications
S P Bottari1, M de Gasparo, U M Steckelings
1Cardiovascular Research Department, Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
|April 1, 1993
Summary
Recent discoveries of angiotensin II (ANG II) receptor subtypes have renewed interest in ANG II research. This review details ANG II peptide actions, receptor distribution, and signaling pathways, including AT1 and AT2 receptors.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Physiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Angiotensin II (ANG II) research has resurged due to the identification of distinct receptor subtypes mediating varied signaling pathways.
- ANG II plays crucial roles both systemically and locally within tissues and organs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the biochemistry and actions of angiotensin peptides.
- To present evidence on the distribution and expression of ANG II receptor subtypes across species and conditions.
- To discuss the signal transduction mechanisms and biological actions mediated by AT1 and AT2 receptors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on angiotensin peptides and their receptors.
- Analysis of data on receptor subtype distribution, expression changes, and molecular pharmacology.
- Synthesis of information on signal transduction pathways and biological effects.
Main Results:
- ANG II peptides are formed and act both in circulation and locally.
- ANG II receptor subtypes exist in diverse species, with expression varying during development and disease.
- The AT1 receptor mediates key ANG II actions, while AT2 receptor signaling pathways are under active investigation.
Conclusions:
- Understanding ANG II receptor subtypes is crucial for comprehending peptide function.
- Further research into AT2 receptor signaling may reveal new physiological roles.
- Molecular pharmacology provides insights into the physiological functions of ANG II receptor subtypes.