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Fetal development of the human orbit

A Haas1, A Weiglein, C Faschinger

  • 1Universitäts-Augenklinik Graz, Austria.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Orbital development in human fetuses shows linear growth in width, height, and depth. The orbital index changes from oval to round, indicating significant fetal orbital development.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Developmental Biology
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • The human orbit undergoes significant development during gestation.
  • Understanding orbital growth patterns is crucial for diagnosing congenital anomalies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of human fetal orbits.
  • To quantify changes in orbital dimensions and shape throughout fetal development.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of orbital width, height, depth, and interorbital width in 70 human fetal skulls.
  • Utilized the imprint method for orbital volume determination.
  • Estimated remaining parameters and analyzed growth rates.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a linear growth rate for orbital width, height, and depth.

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  • Orbital volume also showed a linear increase after cubic root transformation.
  • The orbital index revealed a transformation from a flat, wide shape to a near-round shape at birth.
  • No significant differences were observed between right and left orbits.

    • Conclusions:

    • Human fetal orbital dimensions exhibit predictable linear growth patterns.
    • The changing orbital index signifies a developmental shift in orbital shape.
    • These findings provide a normative dataset for fetal orbital development.