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Benefit from visual cues in auditory-visual speech recognition by middle-aged and elderly persons

B E Walden1, D A Busacco, A A Montgomery

  • 1Army Audiology and Speech Center, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired men benefit similarly from visual cues in speech recognition. Their patterns of consonant confusion also showed no significant differences, suggesting comparable processing of auditory-visual information.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Hearing impairment affects speech recognition.
  • Visual cues can aid auditory-visual speech recognition.
  • Age-related changes may impact visual speech perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compare the benefit of visual cues in auditory-visual speech recognition between middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired men.
  • Analyze patterns of consonant confusions in both age groups under different sensory conditions.

Main Methods:

  • 20 middle-aged and 20 elderly men with moderate-to-severe hearing impairment participated.
  • Consonant-vowel nonsense syllables and CID sentences were presented.
  • Auditory-only, visual-only, and auditory-visual conditions were tested.

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Main Results:

  • Both middle-aged and elderly groups derived similar benefits from visual cues.
  • Patterns of consonant confusions were comparable across the two age groups.
  • Benefit was quantified as the score difference between auditory-only and auditory-visual conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Visual cues provide comparable benefits for speech recognition in both middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired individuals.
  • Age does not significantly alter consonant confusion patterns in auditory-visual speech recognition.
  • Findings suggest similar reliance on visual speech information across these age groups.