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Hormonal intrauterine devices

G Rybo1, K Andersson, V Odlind

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Göteborg, Ostra sjukhuset, Sweden.

Annals of Medicine
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs) offer highly effective contraception with a low pregnancy rate of 0.09. These devices also effectively treat heavy menstrual bleeding and can be an alternative to surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Gynecology
  • Contraception

Background:

  • Intrauterine progestogen administration via IUDs has been available for over 15 years.
  • These devices aim to enhance contraceptive efficacy and minimize side effects.
  • A new levonorgestrel-releasing IUD (Levonova) with a 5-year lifespan has been developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a levonorgestrel-releasing IUD.
  • To compare its performance against copper T IUDs.
  • To assess its utility in managing heavy menstrual bleeding and in hormone replacement therapy.

Main Methods:

  • An extensive 5-year study involving 1821 women.
  • Safety and efficacy data were collected and analyzed.
Keywords:
AmenorrheaBiologyBleedingContraceptionContraception ContinuationContraception TerminationContraceptive Agents, Female--side effectsContraceptive Agents, Progestin--side effectsContraceptive Agents--side effectsContraceptive EffectivenessContraceptive MethodsContraceptive Mode Of ActionContraceptive UsageDemographic FactorsDenmarkDeveloped CountriesDiseasesEastern EuropeEndometrial EffectsEndometriumEuropeFamily PlanningFertilityFertility MeasurementsFinlandGenitaliaGenitalia, FemaleHungaryInfectionsIudIud, Hormone ReleasingLevonorgestrel--side effectsMenorrhagiaMenstruation DisordersNorthern EuropePhysiologyPopulationPopulation DynamicsPregnancy RateReversibilityScandinaviaSigns And SymptomsSwedenTreatmentUrogenital SystemUterus

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  • Comparison group utilized copper T IUDs.

    • Main Results:

    • The pregnancy rate (Pearl index) was exceptionally low at 0.09.
    • Intermenstrual bleeding was common in the first two cycles post-insertion.
    • Overall, the frequency of side effects was low.
    • Demonstrated effectiveness in treating heavy menstrual blood loss and opposing estrogenic effects on the endometrium.

    Conclusions:

    • Intrauterine progestogen administration represents a significant advancement in IUD technology and hormonal contraception.
    • These IUDs offer a safe and effective alternative to surgical interventions for menorrhagia.
    • The levonorgestrel-releasing IUD is a valuable option for women on hormone replacement therapy.