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A Latin American experience with levonorgestrel IUD

A Faúndes¹, F Alvarez, J Díaz

¹State University of Campinas, Brazil.

Annals of Medicine

|April 1, 1993

Summary

The levonorgestrel-releasing IUD (LNg IUD) offers highly effective, long-lasting contraception while reducing menstrual blood loss. This method significantly improved iron levels in users, with zero pregnancies over seven years.

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Health
Contraception
Endocrinology

Background:

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are effective contraceptives but can increase menstrual blood loss, posing challenges in populations with high anemia prevalence.
The levonorgestrel-releasing IUD (LNg IUD) is a novel contraceptive designed to overcome this limitation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and impact on menstrual blood loss of the LNg IUD.
To assess user acceptance and discontinuation reasons for the LNg IUD in diverse populations.

Main Methods:

A clinical trial involving 200 volunteers in the Dominican Republic and 381 in Brazil.
Monitoring of pregnancy rates, menstrual blood loss, ferritin levels, levonorgestrel plasma levels, and endometrial histology.
Tracking of reasons for discontinuation over up to seven years of use.

Main Results:

Achieved a cumulative pregnancy rate of 0% over seven years.
Demonstrated significant reduction in menstrual bleeding and increased ferritin levels compared to copper IUD and non-contraceptive users.
Amenorrhea was the primary reason for discontinuation (10-15% cumulative rates).

Conclusions:

The LNg IUD is a highly effective and well-tolerated reversible contraceptive method.
It offers a significant advantage by reducing menstrual blood loss and improving iron status.
The LNg IUD is expected to be well-accepted and fill an important niche in contraceptive options.

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