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Neurological sequelae in children surviving mechanical ventilation in the neonatal period

K J Marriage, P A Davies

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed

    Insights

    Neonatal mechanical ventilation survivors show significant neurological handicaps. Spastic diplegia may be less common in cerebral palsy for low birthweight infants post-neonatal intensive care.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal care
    • Pediatric neurology
    • Public health

    Background:

    • Neonatal mechanical ventilation is a critical intervention for premature and ill infants.
    • Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes for these survivors require ongoing assessment.
    • Previous studies highlight risks of cerebral palsy and other neurological deficits.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of neurological handicaps in survivors of neonatal mechanical ventilation.
    • To assess the types and severity of neurological sequelae in children aged 2-9 years.
    • To evaluate changes in the pattern of cerebral palsy among low birthweight infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective cohort study of infants receiving mechanical ventilation at Hammersmith Hospital (1966-1973).
    • Follow-up assessments conducted between 2 and 9 years of age.
    • Neurological examination included assessment for mental defect, visual/hearing disability, and major/minor neurological handicaps.

    Main Results:

    • 21% of 367 infants survived neonatal mechanical ventilation.
    • 15% of survivors (11 of 73) exhibited defined neurological sequelae, with two-thirds being moderate to severe.
    • Spastic diplegia's prevalence may be decreasing in low birthweight infants with severe neonatal illness.

    Conclusions:

    • A substantial proportion of infants surviving neonatal mechanical ventilation experience significant neurological sequelae.
    • The pattern of cerebral palsy may be shifting, with potential decreases in spastic diplegia.
    • Long-term neurodevelopmental follow-up is crucial for this vulnerable population.

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