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Pilot study results. Falls among institutionalized elderly

B L Roberts, M L Wykle

    Journal of Gerontological Nursing
    |May 1, 1993
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cognitive impairment and depression impact elderly balance and daily living independence. Discrepancies between actual and perceived balance in seniors can increase fall risk.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Neurology
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Cognitive impairment and depression are prevalent in elderly populations.
    • Balance and functional independence in daily living (ADL) are crucial for elderly well-being.
    • Understanding the interplay between cognitive status, mood, and physical function is essential.

    Observation:

    • Increased cognitive impairment correlated with poorer actual balance and greater ADL dependence.
    • Greater depression was associated with better actual balance but poorer perceived balance.
    • Fallers were younger and more ADL-dependent than non-fallers, with no differences in cognitive or mood status.

    Findings:

    • Cognitive impairment negatively affects balance and ADL independence.
    • Depression shows a complex relationship with both actual and perceived balance.

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  • Actual and perceived balance are not always congruent in older adults, particularly those with cognitive or mood disturbances.

    • Implications:

    • Clinical assessments should evaluate both actual and perceived balance in elderly individuals.
    • Interventions targeting discrepancies between perceived and actual balance may reduce fall risk.
    • Addressing cognitive impairment and depression is vital for maintaining functional independence and safety in the elderly.