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Exercise-induced asthma

D A Mahler1

  • 1Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) affects many with asthma or hay fever. It causes temporary airway narrowing after exertion, but can be managed with warm-ups or medication.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) affects a significant portion of the population, including individuals with asthma and allergic rhinitis.
  • EIA is characterized by temporary airflow obstruction occurring shortly after physical exertion, with potential for delayed responses.
  • The underlying mechanism involves thermal changes in the airways leading to mediator release and bronchoconstriction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical syndrome of exercise-induced asthma.
  • To explain the pathophysiology and diagnosis of EIA.
  • To outline current non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic management strategies for EIA.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical syndrome characterization based on patient history and symptoms.

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  • Diagnostic confirmation through pulmonary function testing, including bronchoprovocation or exercise challenge testing when resting obstruction is absent.
  • Review of therapeutic interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • EIA presents with symptoms like chest tightness and breathlessness post-exercise.
    • A refractory period, diminishing bronchoconstriction, occurs in some individuals within 2 hours of exercise.
    • Pathophysiology is linked to airway temperature and osmolarity alterations, triggering mediator release.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis of EIA relies on pulmonary function testing.
    • Non-pharmacologic approaches like warm-up exercises can mitigate EIA.
    • Pharmacologic treatments, including inhaled beta-2 agonists and cromolyn sodium, are effective for prevention and management.