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Physical complications in patients treated with clean intermittent catheterization
A Bakke1, S E Vollset, P A Høisaeter
1Department of Surgery, Haukeland Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology
|January 1, 1993
Summary
Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is generally safe, with minor bleeding and infections being the most common complications. Serious long-term issues were rare in this study of 302 outpatients.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is a common procedure for bladder management.
- Understanding potential complications is crucial for patient care and treatment optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize and quantify complications associated with clean intermittent catheterization (CIC).
- To assess the incidence of various complications, including infections and urethral issues, in a large outpatient cohort.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study following 302 outpatients undergoing CIC.
- Data collection included monitoring for bleeding, infections (cystopyelitis, UTI), urethral strictures, bladder stones, and epididymitis.
- Follow-up duration averaged 13 months.
Main Results:
- Minor bleeding and infections were the most frequent complications.
- Serious urethral complications were rare; only two patients developed recurrent strictures.
- 5.6% of patients experienced cystopyelitis, with UTIs more common in younger patients, women, and those with supranuclear conditions.
- Long-term infectious complications affected 2.6%, while 24.5% remained infection-free.
- Eight patients developed bladder stones, and one had epididymitis.
- No significant upper urinary tract radiological changes were observed.
Conclusions:
- Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is associated with a low rate of serious complications.
- Infections and minor bleeding are the primary concerns, with specific patient groups at higher risk for UTIs.
- The study highlights the overall safety profile of CIC for long-term bladder management.