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Mental disorders and comorbidity in suicide

M M Henriksson1, H M Aro, M J Marttunen

  • 1Department of Mental Health, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Most suicide victims have multiple mental health conditions, including depression and alcohol dependence. Understanding this comorbidity is crucial for effective suicide prevention strategies and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mental disorders are a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding the prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders in suicide victims is essential for prevention efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders in a nationwide sample of suicide victims.
  • To investigate the specific types of mental disorders (Axis I, II, and III) present in suicide decedents.

Main Methods:

  • A psychological autopsy method was employed.
  • Data was collected retrospectively for all suicide victims in Finland over one year.
  • Consensus diagnoses based on DSM-III-R criteria were assigned to 229 victims.

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Main Results:

  • 93% of victims had at least one Axis I mental disorder.
  • Depressive disorders (59%) and alcohol dependence/abuse (43%) were most prevalent.
  • Comorbidity was common, with only 12% having a single Axis I diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of suicide victims experience comorbid mental disorders.
  • Comorbidity significantly impacts the relationship between mental disorders and suicide.
  • Clinical practice must consider comorbidity in suicide prevention and treatment planning.