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Related Concept Videos

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
Magnetic Fields01:28

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Induced Electric Fields01:23

Induced Electric Fields

The fact that emfs are induced in circuits implies that work is being done on the conduction electrons in the wires. What can possibly be the source of this work? We know that it’s neither a battery nor a magnetic field, as a battery does not have to be present in a circuit where current is induced, and magnetic fields never do any work on moving charges. The source of the work is in fact an electric field that is induced in the wires. For example, if a stationary conductor is placed in a...
Induced Electric Fields: Applications01:27

Induced Electric Fields: Applications

An important distinction exists between the electric field induced by a changing magnetic field and the electrostatic field produced by a fixed charge distribution. Specifically, the induced electric field is nonconservative because it does not work in moving a charge over a closed path. In contrast, the electrostatic field is conservative and does no net work over a closed path. Hence, electric potential can be associated with the electrostatic field but not the induced field. The following...
Electromagnetic Fields01:31

Electromagnetic Fields

Electric fields generated by static charges, often referred to as electrostatic fields, are characteristically different from electric fields created by time-varying magnetic fields. While the former is a conservative field, implying that no net work is done on a test charge if it goes around in a complete loop in the field, the latter is, by definition, not a conservative field; net work is done, and it is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
However, the observation of Gauss's...
Applications of EMF Measurements01:26

Applications of EMF Measurements

Electromotive force (EMF) measurements have a broad range of applications in various fields, including chemistry and physics. The electrochemical series, an arrangement of elements in order of their standard electrode potentials, can be determined through EMF measurements. Elements with lower standard potentials can reduce ions of elements with higher standard potentials.The standard cell potential, E°, allows for the calculation of the standard reaction Gibbs energy, ΔG°, and the equilibrium...

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Mapping the After-effects of Theta Burst Stimulation on the Human Auditory Cortex with Functional Imaging
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Beneficial effects of electromagnetic fields

C A Bassett1

  • 1Bioelectric Research Center, Columbia University, Riverdale, New York 10463.

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Therapeutic pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) offer a non-invasive treatment for various conditions. This technology, mimicking natural cellular voltages, successfully treats musculoskeletal disorders and shows promise for nerve regeneration and wound healing.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cellular Biology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Weak, time-varying magnetic fields offer selective control over cell function.
  • Therapeutic pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) are designed to mimic voltages from mechanical deformation of connective tissues.
  • PEMFs have a 20-year history of successful treatment for musculoskeletal disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of PEMFs in treating various medical conditions.
  • To define the specific energetic requirements for PEMF applications.
  • To broaden the range of treatable conditions using PEMF therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Application of specifically configured, weak, time-varying magnetic fields.
  • Induction of voltages similar to those produced during dynamic mechanical deformation.

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

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Published on: September 12, 2012

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  • Identification of athermal bioresponses at cellular and subcellular levels.
  • Main Results:

    • Successful treatment of over a quarter million patients with chronically ununited fractures worldwide.
    • Demonstrated efficacy supported by basic studies and double-blind trials.
    • Identified bioresponses that correct or modify pathologic processes.

    Conclusions:

    • PEMFs represent a surgically non-invasive, safe, and cost-effective therapeutic modality.
    • Expanded applications include nerve regeneration, wound healing, graft behavior, diabetes, and ischemia.
    • Preliminary data suggest potential benefits in malignancy control.