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Antimalarials for children: indications, toxicities, and guidelines
C L Ziering1, L G Rabinowitz, N B Esterly
1Department of Dermatology, Grandview Hospital, Dayton, Ohio.
Insights
Antimalarial drugs like chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are used in children for rheumatologic conditions, but their dermatologic applications and side effects require more research. This review covers their use, dosing, and skin-related outcomes in pediatric dermatology.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Rheumatology
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Antimalarial drugs are frequently used in pediatric rheumatology.
- Information regarding their use and dermatologic implications in children is limited.
- This highlights a gap in the current medical literature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the indications, dosing, administration, and side effects of antimalarial drugs in pediatric patients.
- To explore the spectrum of skin diseases in children treated with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine.
- To bridge the knowledge gap between rheumatology and dermatology concerning these drugs in children.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on antimalarial drug use in pediatric rheumatology and dermatology.
- Analysis of studies discussing chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in children.
- Synthesis of information on drug indications, administration, and adverse events, particularly cutaneous side effects.
Main Results:
- Antimalarial drugs have established roles in pediatric rheumatology, with specific protocols for use.
- Dermatologic side effects can occur but are often manageable.
- Skin conditions treated or induced by these drugs in children are diverse.
Conclusions:
- Antimalarial drugs are valuable in pediatric care, extending beyond rheumatology to dermatology.
- Understanding their administration and side effect profiles is crucial for safe and effective pediatric use.
- Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the dermatologic applications and management of side effects in children.
Abstract:
The use of antimalarial drugs in children has been discussed extensively in the rheumatology literature, but there is scant information in the dermatology literature. We discuss indications, dosing, administration, and side effects of antimalarial drugs in children as well as skin diseases in children who have been treated with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine.