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Related Concept Videos

Lipid Catabolism01:25

Lipid Catabolism

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Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
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Drug Biotransformation: Overview01:28

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Biotransformation, also known as drug metabolism, is a vital physiological process that chemically alters drugs, facilitating their elimination from the body and terminating their action. This process involves two main phases: phase I and phase II reactions. Phase I reactions, including oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis, introduce or unmask polar functional groups on the drug molecule, thereby increasing its water solubility. By enhancing water solubility, the drug becomes more hydrophilic...
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Pharmaceutical substances known as xenobiotics are predominantly lipophilic and nonionized. This enables them to permeate lipid bilayers, such as cell membranes, and interact with intracellular target receptors. Lipophilic drugs have an advantage in crossing biological barriers and reaching their intended sites of action. However, lipophilic drugs often have a restricted capacity for renal expulsion or elimination from the body. When these drugs enter the kidneys and undergo glomerular...
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Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
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Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors01:16

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The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
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Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling01:17

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Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
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Ciprofibrate--a profile

D J Betteridge1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London, UK.

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|January 1, 1993
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ciprofibrate effectively lowers LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hyperlipidaemia. This fibrate medication offers a valuable option for managing various dyslipidaemias alongside lifestyle changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperlipidaemia management relies on diet and lifestyle, but drug therapy is often necessary.
  • Statins and resins are common treatments, while fibrates are crucial for hypertriglyceridaemia and influencing LDL metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ciprofibrate, a newly introduced fibrate, for managing dyslipidaemias.

Main Methods:

  • Ciprofibrate's pharmacokinetic properties were assessed.
  • Clinical trials evaluated its effects on lipid profiles (LDL, HDL, triglycerides) in various patient types (II, IIa, IIb, IV) over different treatment periods (12 weeks to 5 years).
  • Effects on clotting parameters, biliary cholesterol saturation, and liver histology were also examined.

Main Results:

  • Ciprofibrate demonstrated significant reductions in LDL cholesterol (24-29%) and triglycerides (42%).
  • Positive effects were observed in Type IIa, IIb, and IV hyperlipidaemia patterns over 5 years.
  • Favourable impacts on clotting parameters and no significant long-term effects on biliary cholesterol saturation or liver structure were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Ciprofibrate is a valuable addition to drug therapy for managing diverse dyslipidaemias.
  • Its pharmacokinetic profile allows for convenient once-daily dosing.
  • It offers a favourable safety profile comparable to other fibrates.