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[Acute poisoning--a brief review]

P Berchtold1, B Gossweiler

  • 1Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Inselspital Bern.

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Emergency departments frequently treat poisonings, mostly from ingested toxins. Key treatments include stabilization, reducing absorption with activated charcoal, enhancing elimination, and using antidotes when necessary.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Management

Context:

  • Poisonings are a common reason for emergency department visits.
  • Ingestion accounts for approximately 80% of poisoning cases.
  • Effective management is crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose:

  • To outline the fundamental approach to managing poisoned patients.
  • To highlight the roles of gastric lavage and activated charcoal.
  • To emphasize timely and appropriate interventions.

Summary:

  • The initial management of poisoned patients involves stabilization, reducing toxin absorption, enhancing elimination, and administering antidotes.
  • Gastric lavage is reserved for severely intoxicated patients presenting within hours of ingestion.
  • Activated charcoal is widely recommended, requiring early, adequate, and potentially repeated administration.

Impact:

  • Provides a concise overview of poisoning management principles.
  • Informs emergency department protocols for toxicological emergencies.
  • Aims to improve the care and outcomes for poisoned individuals.

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