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Related Experiment Videos

Force generation by orthodontic coil springs

J A von Fraunhofer1, P W Bonds, B E Johnson

  • 1School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, KY 40292.

The Angle Orthodontist
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Nickel titanium (NiTi) coil springs offer light, continuous orthodontic forces, outperforming stainless steel springs. NiTi springs provide optimal force delivery over a wider activation range for tooth movement.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Mechanics

Background:

  • Nickel titanium (NiTi) coil springs represent an advancement in orthodontic mechanics.
  • These springs are engineered to deliver light, continuous forces, crucial for controlled tooth movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the force delivery characteristics of NiTi open and closed coil springs during deactivation.
  • To evaluate NiTi springs against comparable stainless steel (SS) springs in terms of force output and activation range.

Main Methods:

  • Tested NiTi open-coil springs (0.010 x 0.035 inch) compressed from 15 mm to 6 mm.
  • Tested NiTi closed-coil springs (0.009 x 0.035 inch) distracted from 3 mm to 9 mm.
  • Measured forces generated during spring recovery and compared with stainless steel springs.

Main Results:

  • NiTi closed-coil springs generated 75-90 g of force over a 6 mm distraction range.
  • NiTi open-coil springs produced 55-70 g of force within a 9 mm compression range.
  • Stainless steel springs generated higher forces (approx. 200 g) with rapid force increase upon activation.

Conclusions:

  • NiTi coil springs provide light, continuous forces suitable for orthodontic tooth movement.
  • NiTi springs offer a broader activation range compared to conventional stainless steel springs.
  • NiTi coil springs are a promising alternative for achieving optimal orthodontic outcomes.

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