Induction of prophage lambda by nitrofurantoin and its modulation by butylated hydroxytoluene, sodium arsenite and...

Nitrofurantoin induced prophage-lambda in E. coli K12 strain GY5027(lambda) in a dose dependent manner, the maximum induction being 10-fold the spontaneous induction level and the maximum efficiency of induction 74%. The lever extract used as a metabolizing mixture enhanced the induction level significantly. Chloramphenicol at a concentration of 20 micrograms/ml inhibited the prophage induction by nitrofurantoin, indicating that the induction required concomitant protein synthesis. Butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT) and sodium arsenite enhanced the nitrofurantoin induced prophage-lambda induction in E. coli GY 5027(lambda) cells in a dose dependent manner. The maximum modulations in induction level (I/Io) were achieved with 100 micrograms/ml BHT and 250 micrograms/ml sodium arsenite corresponding to a nitrofurantoin concentration of 15 micrograms/ml and were found significant on statistical analysis. alpha-tocopherol, however, did not produce any effect on the prophage-lambda induction by nitrofurantoin.