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A Darwinian function for the orbital cortex

M R Rose1, C Moore

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine 92717.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|March 7, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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The human brain calculates Darwinian strategies for behavior. Damage to the orbital cortex impairs this "fitness calculation," leading to behaviors with reduced evolutionary fitness, as seen in sociopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary Psychology
  • Abnormal Psychology

Background:

  • The link between evolutionary theory and human psychobiology is hindered by a lack of understanding of Darwinian brain functions.
  • A theoretical framework is needed to connect evolutionary principles with brain mechanisms underlying behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and test a theory of brain function where the human brain calculates Darwinian strategies for long-term behavioral organization.
  • To explore the neural basis of "fitness calculation" and its implications for understanding abnormal behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Examined literature from abnormal psychology, focusing on phenotypes exhibiting a lack of strategic evaluation of fitness outcomes.
  • Investigated the effects of lesions to the orbital cortex on behavior related to fitness calculation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized case studies of sociopathy as a model for impaired fitness calculation.

    • Main Results:

    • Sociopathy is characterized by a deficit in "fitness calculation," resulting in behaviors that reduce evolutionary fitness.
    • Lesions (accidental, surgical, congenital) to the orbital cortex of the frontal lobes can induce behaviors similar to those observed in sociopathy.
    • The orbital cortex is identified as a potential neural substrate for strategic fitness calculation.

    Conclusions:

    • A theoretical bridge is established between Darwinian theory and brain function, specifically regarding behavioral strategy calculation.
    • This framework facilitates the development of formal theories of human behavior based on Darwinian principles of fitness calculation.
    • Understanding the neural basis of fitness calculation offers insights into both normal and abnormal behavioral phenotypes.