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Candida arthritis
L H Silveira1, M L Cuéllar, G Citera
1Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans.
Abstract:
Septic arthritis can be caused by Candida species. Its true incidence is unknown because only a few cases have been reported. Two clinical syndromes have been identified. The first is an isolated monarthritis caused by the direct intra-articular inoculation of fungi that inhabit the skin, by means of an injection, or during surgery. The second is the development of a mono- or polyarthritis as a complication of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis. The optimum treatment of this condition is not yet known, although the combination of medical and surgical treatment seems to be the most convenient therapeutic modality. Amphotericin-B continues to be the drug of choice.
Insights
Candida species can cause septic arthritis, a rare condition with unknown incidence. Treatment typically involves a combination of medical and surgical approaches, with Amphotericin-B as the preferred antifungal medication.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Rheumatology
- Mycology
Background:
- Septic arthritis can be caused by Candida species, though its incidence is not well-established due to limited reported cases.
- Two primary clinical presentations of Candida-induced septic arthritis exist: isolated monarthritis from direct inoculation and polyarthritis secondary to disseminated candidiasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical syndromes and treatment modalities for septic arthritis caused by Candida species.
- To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and managing this rare fungal infection of the joints.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of reported cases of Candida septic arthritis.
- Analysis of clinical presentations, causative Candida species, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Direct intra-articular inoculation (e.g., via injection or surgery) can lead to isolated monarthritis.
- Hematogenous dissemination of Candida can result in mono- or polyarthritis.
- Optimal treatment remains undefined, but combined medical and surgical interventions are often employed.
Conclusions:
- Septic arthritis due to Candida species is an uncommon but significant clinical entity.
- Amphotericin-B is considered the drug of choice for treating fungal arthritis.
- A multidisciplinary approach combining antifungal therapy and surgical management is recommended for optimal outcomes.