[Histopathological changes of gallbladder and liver parenchyma in symptomatic cholelithiasis]

In a retrospective study of 1101 patients (302 men, 799 women; mean age 56,7 [19-88] years) with symptomatic cholelithiasis who had undergone elective cholecystectomy and intraoperative liver biopsy, histological examination revealed inflammatory changes in the gallbladder in 96.7%, chronic fibrotic cholecystitis in 94.5% and a severe form of cholecystitis in 8.8%. Clinically relevant changes in the liver parenchyma were present in 27.9%, most frequently intrahepatic cholangitis (21.8%). The latter was significantly more common in choledocholithiasis than in isolated cholecystolithiasis. 27 patients had signs of severe liver disease, namely viral hepatitis, cirrhosis or fatty liver. Since the gall-bladder in cholelithiasis is almost always inflamed, cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice. Not uncommonly liver biopsy will reveal clinically relevant changes in the liver parenchyma. This will be useful information, especially in the management of symptoms which persist postoperatively.