[Heart-lung transplantation, single lung and both lungs]

Following the improvement in surgical techniques and immunosuppression regimens as well as a better selection of recipients, an increasing number of heart-lung, single lung and double lung transplantations have been performed within the last decade. In the early stages, most candidates had advanced pulmonary hypertension. More recently, patients with end-stage lung disease have been successfully transplanted. Providing the allografts remain free of complications, long-term survivors may benefit of well preserved pulmonary function. However, acute rejection, obliterative bronchiolitis and infections are still a major cause of morbidity and mortality.