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Effect expectancies for cocaine intoxication: initial vs. descendent phases

J Schafer1, W Fals-Stewart

  • 1San Diego State University.

Addictive Behaviors
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

College students

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Studies

Background:

  • Understanding cocaine effect expectancies is crucial for addiction research.
  • Distinguishing between proximal and distal expectancies offers nuanced insights.
  • College students represent a population of interest for substance use studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between proximal and distal effect expectancies for cocaine consumption.
  • To compare expectancies between college students with and without cocaine experience.
  • To examine how expectancies differ during the initial and descendent phases of cocaine intoxication.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed the Cocaine Effect Expectancy Questionnaire-Likert (CEEQL).
  • Responses were collected for both initial (proximal) and descendent (distal) phases of cocaine effects.
  • Positive and negative effect expectancy scales were scored for each participant.

Main Results:

  • Positive expectancies did not show association between proximal and distal time points.
  • Negative expectancies were associated between the proximal and distal phases.
  • Cocaine users reported significantly fewer negative expected effects compared to nonusers.
  • Both users and nonusers held similar beliefs regarding the positive effects of cocaine, a finding replicated in an independent sample.

Conclusions:

  • Negative cocaine expectancies are more stable across intoxication phases than positive expectancies.
  • Perception of negative cocaine effects may be a cognitive factor influencing use.
  • Beliefs about positive cocaine effects appear consistent across user and nonuser groups in college populations.

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