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Extrinsic factors in cellular differentiation

R L Gardner1

  • 1Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Department of Zoology, Oxford, United Kingdom.

The International Journal of Developmental Biology
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Cellular differentiation stability is widely accepted as a heritable cell trait. However, research suggests environmental factors significantly influence cell differentiation maintenance.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cellular differentiation in metazoa is characterized by remarkable stability.
  • This stability has fostered the prevailing view that cell determination is an intrinsic, heritable property.
  • However, empirical evidence supporting this view is limited for many cell types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the established understanding of cellular differentiation stability.
  • To explore the role of extrinsic factors in maintaining the differentiated state.
  • To challenge the notion that cell determination is solely a heritable property.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cellular differentiation.
  • Analysis of evidence for gene expression regulation.

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  • Examination of studies involving environmental manipulation of cell differentiation.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence indicates that gene expression is under continuous regulation.
    • Studies demonstrate that environmental manipulation can induce changes in cell differentiation.
    • The heritability of the determined state is not convincingly demonstrated for most cell types.

    Conclusions:

    • The stability of cellular differentiation may be less intrinsic than commonly believed.
    • Extrinsic factors likely play a crucial role in maintaining the differentiated state of cells.
    • Rethinking the role of the environment in cell determination is warranted.