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Hearing loss in diabetics

J R Cullen1, M J Cinnamond

  • 1Tyrone County Hospital, Omagh, Belfast, N. Ireland.

The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Insulin-dependent diabetes is linked to sensorineural hearing loss, particularly affecting high frequencies. Male diabetics showed more significant hearing impairment than females, independent of diabetes duration or insulin dosage.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Endocrinology
  • Audiology

Background:

  • The link between diabetes mellitus and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) remains debated.
  • Previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the prevalence and characteristics of hearing impairment in diabetic individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between insulin-dependent diabetes and SNHL.
  • To compare hearing thresholds and characteristics in diabetic patients versus age- and sex-matched controls.

Main Methods:

  • Pure tone and speech audiometry were performed on 44 insulin-dependent diabetics and 38 controls.
  • Stapedial reflex decay tests were conducted on diabetic patients with SNHL.
  • Analysis of variance was used to compare hearing thresholds between groups.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic patients exhibited significantly greater hearing loss than controls, primarily affecting high frequencies.
  • Hearing loss extended to low frequencies in male diabetics.
  • Seven diabetic patients showed evidence of recruitment, while none exhibited tone decay.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin-dependent diabetes is associated with a higher prevalence of SNHL.
  • Hearing impairment in diabetics is characterized by high-frequency loss, with males being more affected.
  • Diabetes duration, insulin dosage, and family history did not significantly influence hearing thresholds.

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