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Related Experiment Videos

Neutral adaptation of the genetic code to double-strand coding

J Konecny1, M Eckert, M Schöniger

  • 1Tech University Munich, Garching, Federal Republic of Germany.

Journal of Molecular Evolution
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

The genetic code supports simultaneous evolution of DNA/RNA sense and antisense strands. This adaptation favors the retention of genetic information and coevolution of proteins, even with silent mutations.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The genetic code's primary role is protein synthesis from messenger RNA (mRNA).
  • The potential for information storage and evolutionary adaptation in antisense DNA/RNA strands is less explored.
  • Understanding the genetic code's broader evolutionary implications is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that the genetic code is adapted for evolutionary information retention in antisense DNA/RNA strands.
  • To explore the genetic code's role in facilitating simultaneous evolution of proteins encoded by sense and antisense strands.
  • To quantify the extent of double-strand coding and evolutionary tolerance within the natural genetic code.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of sense-antisense codon transformations for all amino acids.

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  • Assessment of amino acid physicochemical similarities resulting from these transformations.
  • Evaluation of mutation effects (silent vs. conservative) between sense and antisense strands.
  • Comparison of the natural genetic code with randomized codes to assess evolutionary tolerance.
  • Information-theoretical quantification of double-strand coding.

    • Main Results:

    • The genetic code favors simultaneous evolution of sense and antisense strands by targeting physicochemically similar amino acids.
    • Silent mutations in one strand result in conservative mutations in the complementary strand, supporting coevolution.
    • The natural genetic code demonstrates significant tolerance for sense-antisense coevolution compared to randomized codes.
    • Double-strand coding is a quantifiable feature of the genetic code from an information-theory perspective.

    Conclusions:

    • The genetic code possesses inherent properties that facilitate the coevolution of proteins encoded by both sense and antisense DNA/RNA strands.
    • This suggests a dual role for the genetic code, extending beyond simple protein synthesis to evolutionary information retention and adaptation.
    • The findings provide new foundations for understanding the evolutionary optimization of the genetic code.