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Related Experiment Videos

Longitudinal study of cranial base shape changes in Macaca nemestrina

P E Lestrel1, A Bodt, D R Swindler

  • 1Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry University of California, Los Angeles 90024.

American Journal of Physical Anthropology
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Elliptical Fourier functions (EFF) quantitatively describe primate cranial base (CB) shape changes. This method reveals significant age and sex differences in CB morphology during development.

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Area of Science:

  • Primate morphology
  • Developmental biology
  • Biometrics

Background:

  • The primate cranial base (CB) is a complex 2D structure challenging to quantify using traditional methods.
  • Conventional metrical approaches (angles, distances) are insufficient for describing its intricate shape.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply elliptical Fourier functions (EFF) for quantitative analysis of primate cranial base shape.
  • To document shape changes in the Macaca nemestrina cranial base from 1 to 8 years.
  • To identify age-related and sexually dimorphic shape variations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a longitudinal sample of 181 Macaca nemestrina lateral headfilms (1-8 years).
  • Applied elliptical Fourier functions (EFF) with 20 harmonics to digitized CB outlines.

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  • Generated expected distances from the centroid to the CB boundary for shape analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Statistically significant shape differences were observed based on age and sexual dimorphism.
    • Age-related changes included anteroposterior lengthening and superoinferior narrowing of the CB.
    • Specific changes noted: lengthening of the dorsal clivus and anterior migration of the hypophyseal fossa.

    Conclusions:

    • Elliptical Fourier functions (EFF) offer a powerful method for quantifying complex 2D morphologies like the primate cranial base.
    • This approach enables detailed visual and numerical documentation of developmental shape changes.
    • The study highlights significant ontogenetic and dimorphic variations in primate CB development.