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Acromegaly: an epidemiological study

J Etxabe1, S Gaztambide, P Latorre

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del Paìs Vasco, Vizcaya, Spain.

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This epidemiological study reveals acromegaly is more common in women and diagnosed later in life. Overall mortality is elevated, particularly in men, highlighting sex-based differences in acromegaly outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Acromegaly, a disorder of excess growth hormone, has higher morbidity and mortality than the general population.
  • Previous epidemiological studies on acromegaly are scarce, necessitating further investigation into its occurrence and characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an epidemiological study of acromegaly in Vizcaya, Spain, between 1970 and 1989.
  • To investigate the prevalence, incidence, and mortality patterns of acromegaly.
  • To explore potential differences in disease characteristics based on sex and tumor invasiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 74 acromegaly patients diagnosed in Vizcaya from 1970-1989.
  • Calculation of prevalence and incidence rates per million inhabitants.
  • Comparison of mortality rates with a control population using standardized mortality ratios (SMR).

Main Results:

  • Prevalence was 60 per million; average incidence was 3.1 new cases per million annually.
  • Acromegaly was more frequent in women (1.8:1 ratio), with a higher mean age at diagnosis (46.1 years) compared to men (39.5 years).
  • Higher mortality (SMR=3.2) was observed, significantly elevated in men (SMR=7) but not in women (SMR=1.4).

Conclusions:

  • Acromegaly exhibits distinct epidemiological patterns, including a higher prevalence in women and later diagnosis.
  • Significant sex-based differences in mortality exist, with men experiencing a substantially higher risk.
  • These findings underscore the need for targeted research into the underlying reasons for these observed epidemiological variations.

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