Falls from heights: a problem not just in the northeast

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Traumatology
• Public Health
• Urban Safety

Background:

• Falls from windows and balconies are a known hazard for children in urban areas.
• Previous research has focused on eastern cities, neglecting western and sunbelt regions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence and characteristics of pediatric falls from buildings in western and sunbelt states.
• To estimate the associated healthcare costs.
• To assess building code regulations related to window and balcony safety.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective chart review of pediatric fall injuries at a west coast hospital.
• Analysis of Los Angeles County hospital discharge data for cost estimation.
• Survey of building codes in representative western and sunbelt cities.

Main Results:

• 93 children fell from windows, 58 from other structures; victims were predominantly young males.
• Over 70% of falls were from second-story windows, with significant morbidity including fractures and intensive care unit admissions.
• Low mortality (0.7%) but 10% neurological impairment; hospitalization costs ranged from $5000-$8000 per child. Lack of window/balcony safety regulations noted.

Conclusions:

• Pediatric falls from windows pose a significant national health risk, with substantial morbidity and healthcare costs.
• Even falls from lower stories can result in severe injuries.
• Current preventive strategies and building codes are inadequate.