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Sculpturing the glans in phalloplasty

J J Hage1, F H de Graaf, F G Bouman

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Academic Hospital, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Phalloplasty aims for an aesthetically pleasing neophallus with a glanslike tip. The Norfolk technique for coronal ridge and sulcus construction yields the best results in glans sculpturing during phalloplasty.

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Area of Science:

  • Reconstructive surgery
  • Urology
  • Plastic surgery

Background:

  • Aesthetic outcomes in phalloplasty are crucial for patient satisfaction.
  • Neophallus construction requires careful glans sculpturing for a natural appearance.
  • Literature on glans sculpturing techniques is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on glans sculpturing in phalloplasty.
  • To evaluate different techniques for creating an aesthetically pleasing neophallus tip.
  • To present findings on optimal glans construction methods.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on glans sculpturing techniques.
  • Analysis of surgical outcomes from microsurgical free-flap phalloplasty.
  • Comparison of the Norfolk technique and Munawar's technique.

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Main Results:

  • Glans sculpturing is performed during phalloplasty with free-flap techniques.
  • Separate procedures are used for glans sculpturing with abdominal or inguinal skin flaps.
  • The Norfolk technique demonstrates superior results for coronal ridge and sulcus construction.

Conclusions:

  • The Norfolk technique is recommended for optimal glans sculpturing in phalloplasty.
  • Munawar's technique is considered outdated due to potential flattening of the coronal ridge.
  • Aesthetically superior neophallus construction depends on effective glans sculpturing.