[Hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian function in female Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) in the non-mating season]

We investigated the mechanism of reduction of hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian function in female Japanese monkeys in the non-mating season. We administered PMSG and LH-RH to 19 females in the non-mating and in the mating season. When PMSG was administered every day for 12 to 14 days to seven monkeys in the non-mating season, follicle development was observed together with an increase in serum estradiol-17 beta (E2), but there was no rise in serum LH in two animals and little increase in five others. Follicle involution began about ten days after PMSG administration, and no ovulation occurred. These findings show that secretion of LH by the pituitary in response to positive feedback by the E2 secreted by the follicles which had developed was in adequate to induce ovulation. Serum LH levels increased markedly in five females after a single iv injection of LH-RH in the mating season, but not at all in the non-mating season, even when five-times the dose was administered. These data show that the LH-secreting function of the pituitary is definitely reduced in the non-mating season. When LH-RH was administered to seven monkeys following PMSG administration, an LH surge was observed in all animals, and ovulation occurred in four animals. These findings suggest that one reason for the reduction in pituitary-ovarian function in the non-mating season was a decline in LH-RH secretion by the hypothalamus.