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A connective tissue disease screening questionnaire for population studies

E W Karlson1, J Sanchez-Guerrero, E A Wright

  • 1Robert B. Brigham Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Annals of Epidemiology
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

A new questionnaire effectively screens for connective tissue diseases (CTDs). This tool demonstrates high accuracy in identifying individuals with CTDs, aiding in early detection and management of these complex conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) encompass a range of autoimmune disorders affecting various bodily systems.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis of CTDs is crucial for effective patient management and improving outcomes.
  • Existing screening methods may lack the sensitivity or specificity required for large-scale population assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel screening tool for the early detection of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) in diverse patient populations.
  • To assess the reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of a newly developed CTD Screening Questionnaire.
  • To establish the utility of the questionnaire for population-based screening initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • A 30-item questionnaire was administered to patients diagnosed with specific CTDs (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, MCTD, Sjögren's syndrome) and to a control group.

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  • Response rates were tracked across four mailings to assess participant engagement.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to determine test-retest reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the questionnaire.

    • Main Results:

    • The CTD Screening Questionnaire achieved a test-retest reliability of 0.82 for detecting any CTD.
    • Sensitivity for specific CTDs ranged from 83% to 96%, with specificity ranging from 83% to 93%.
    • The questionnaire demonstrated a high negative predictive value (99.7%) and a positive predictive value of 5.5% for any CTD, assuming a 1.3% prevalence.

    Conclusions:

    • The CTD Screening Questionnaire is a reliable and accurate tool for identifying individuals potentially affected by connective tissue diseases.
    • The high sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire support its use in screening large populations for CTDs.
    • This validated screening method can facilitate earlier diagnosis and intervention for patients with connective tissue diseases.