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T1c cancer: what is it?

R C Flanigan¹, W S Dougherty

¹Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.

Seminars in Urologic Oncology

|August 1, 1995

Summary

Routine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing identifies more men with elevated levels. Evidence suggests these men have significant prostate cancer and require treatment similar to those with localized disease.

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Area of Science:

Urology
Oncology
Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood testing is increasingly routine.
Elevated PSA levels are often the sole indicator of prostate cancer in some patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the clinical significance of elevated PSA levels as the only presenting sign of prostate cancer.
To determine appropriate treatment strategies for patients identified solely by elevated PSA.

Main Methods:

Review of existing evidence regarding patients with isolated elevated PSA.
Comparison of clinical outcomes and treatment efficacy based on PSA levels and disease stage.

Main Results:

The majority of patients with an elevated PSA level as the only clinical sign harbor clinically significant prostate cancer.
Evidence supports treating these patients similarly to those with T1b, T2a, and T2b disease.

Conclusions:

An elevated PSA level, even without other symptoms, indicates a high likelihood of significant prostate cancer.
Standard treatment protocols for localized prostate cancer are recommended for these patients.

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