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Compliance of the digital artery is decreased in patients with essential hypertension
R P Bochmann1, U Reuter, A List
1Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Technical University of Dresden, Germany.
Insights
Hypertension significantly reduces digital artery compliance. In hypertensive individuals, the relationship between arterial compliance and blood pressure is not just shifted but fundamentally altered, impacting vascular health.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Physiology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Arterial vascular system compliance is reduced in hypertension.
- Vessel wall properties, including compliance, are influenced by blood pressure (BP).
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify digital artery compliance in hypertensive and normotensive subjects.
- To investigate whether reduced compliance in hypertension stems from a shifted or altered compliance-pressure relationship.
Main Methods:
- Utilized impedance plethysmography and finger BP device to measure pressure-pulse amplitude (delta P) and volume-pulse amplitude (delta V).
- Assessed digital artery compliance in 10 hypertensive and 10 normotensive subjects.
- Manipulated mean local blood pressure (MLBP) by altering hand position relative to the heart.
Main Results:
- Digital artery compliance was significantly lower in hypertensive patients (2.76 µL/mmHg/100mL) compared to normal subjects (4.03 µL/mmHg/100mL).
- Reducing MLBP by 50 mmHg increased compliance more in normotensive subjects (4.03 to 12.68 µL/mmHg/100mL) than in hypertensive patients (2.76 to 6.16 µL/mmHg/100mL).
- The slope of the compliance-pressure curve in the low-pressure range was markedly reduced in hypertensive patients.
Conclusions:
- The compliance-pressure relationship in digital arteries is significantly altered in hypertensive patients, not merely shifted.
- These findings highlight a fundamental change in vascular mechanics associated with hypertension.
Abstract:
The compliance of the arterial vascular system is decreased in hypertensive subjects. On the other hand, the vessel wall properties such as compliance depend on blood pressure (BP). The aim of the present study was to determine the compliance of the digital arteries and to test the hypothesis that decreased compliance is either caused by a downward shift of the compliance-pressure relation or, alternatively, by a change in the compliance-pressure relation itself. We used impedance plethysmography and a finger BP measuring device to determine beat-to-beat the pressure-pulse amplitude (delta P), the volume-pulse amplitude (delta V) and the compliance from digital arteries of 10 hypertensive patients and 10 similarly aged normal subjects. The mean local blood pressure (MLBP) in the digital arteries was changed by vertically varying the position of the right hand in relation to the heart. The compliance of the digital arteries in hypertensive patients (2.76 microliters/mm Hg per 100 ml tissue) is significantly (P < 0.05) decreased compared with that in normal subjects (4.03 microliters/mm Hg per 100 ml tissue). A reduction of MLBP by 50 mm Hg leads to an increase of compliance in normotensive subjects from 4.03 to 12.68 microliters/mm Hg per 100 ml tissue but in hypertensive patients only from 2.76 to 6.16 microliters/mm Hg per 100 ml tissue. The slope of the curve in the low pressure range was also markedly decreased in hypertensive patients compared with controls. We conclude, that the compliance-pressure relation is not merely shifted but also extensively alterated in hypertensive patients.