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High resolution renal diffusion imaging using a modified steady-state free precession sequence

S Ding1, H Trillaud, M Yongbi

  • 1NMR Research Center, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
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This study introduces a new diffusion imaging sequence for high-resolution kidney scans. The modified sequence accurately measures apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) in rat kidneys, reducing errors from common imaging variations.

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Steady-state free precession (SSFP) diffusion sequences are used for renal imaging.
  • Existing SSFP diffusion sequences can suffer from errors due to T1, T2, and RF flip angle variations.
  • Motion sensitivity is a challenge in fast imaging sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a modified SSFP diffusion sequence for high-resolution renal imaging.
  • To minimize errors in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements.
  • To reduce motion sensitivity in diffusion-weighted renal imaging.

Main Methods:

  • A modified SSFP diffusion sequence utilizing bipolar diffusion gradients was developed.
  • Compensated gradients, frame-by-frame averaging, and a short repetition time (22 ms) were employed.

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  • High resolution was achieved through signal averaging.

    • Main Results:

    • The modified sequence successfully applied to in vivo diffusion measurements in rat kidneys.
    • Accurate ADC values were obtained for the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla.
    • The technique demonstrated reduced sensitivity to variations in T1, T2, and RF flip angle.

    Conclusions:

    • The modified SSFP diffusion sequence offers a robust method for high-resolution renal diffusion imaging.
    • This technique improves the accuracy of ADC measurements in the kidney.
    • Further development may involve optimizing gradient strength for enhanced diffusion weighting.