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Cobalt-induced occupational asthma associated with systemic illness

J J Baik1, Y B Yoon, H S Park

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Korean Medical Science
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Occupational asthma caused by cobalt exposure can lead to systemic symptoms like fever and joint pain. This case highlights cobalt as a potential trigger for asthma and associated systemic illness in exposed workers.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Occupational asthma is a significant workplace health concern.
  • Cobalt exposure is recognized as a potential cause of respiratory issues.

Observation:

  • A glassware factory worker developed asthma and systemic symptoms after 14 months of cobalt exposure.
  • Initial skin prick and methacholine challenge tests were negative, but later tests revealed airway hyperresponsiveness and positive intradermal cobalt tests.

Findings:

  • Bronchoprovocation testing with cobalt sulfate induced an asthmatic response accompanied by systemic symptoms including fever, arthralgia, and myalgia.
  • Delayed airway hyperresponsiveness was observed post-challenge, indicating a specific reaction to cobalt.
  • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis was ruled out through bronchoalveolar lavage and other laboratory analyses.

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Implications:

  • Cobalt can induce occupational asthma with associated systemic manifestations.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering cobalt in the differential diagnosis of occupational asthma, even with initially negative standard tests.
  • Further investigation into cobalt's role in occupational respiratory diseases is warranted.