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Enterococcal arthritis: case report and review

N J Raymond1, J Henry, K A Workowski

  • 1Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
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Enterococcus species can cause septic arthritis, particularly in prosthetic joints. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, often involving prosthesis removal for joint infections, lead to good outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedics
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Septic arthritis is a serious joint infection.
  • Enterococcus species are an uncommon cause of septic arthritis.
  • Prosthetic joint infections present unique challenges.

Observation:

  • This review analyzes 19 cases of Enterococcus septic arthritis from 1966-1993.
  • Prosthetic joints were affected in 11 cases (knees and hips).
  • Native joints were affected in 8 cases, often with pre-existing joint abnormalities.

Findings:

  • Common symptoms included pain, fever, and tenderness.
  • Diagnosis relied on synovial fluid or tissue culture.
  • Polymicrobial infections occurred in 32% of cases.

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  • Parenteral penicillin or glycopeptides were primary treatments.
  • 11 of 14 treated patients recovered uneventfully.
  • Prosthetic joint infections were cured, often requiring prosthesis removal.
  • Amputation was necessary for two native joint infections.

    • Implications:

    • Enterococcus septic arthritis requires prompt and appropriate management.
    • Prosthetic joint infections may necessitate surgical intervention.
    • Understanding Enterococcus's role in septic arthritis is crucial for effective treatment strategies.