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Hemostatic disorders in cats: a retrospective study and review of the literature
J L Peterson1, C G Couto, M L Wellman
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
Insights
Most cats (69%) evaluated at a veterinary hospital had abnormal hemostasis profiles, often indicating disseminated intravascular coagulation or thrombocytopenia. Liver disease, neoplasia, and feline infectious peritonitis were common underlying causes.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Hematology
- Coagulation Disorders
Background:
- Hemostasis is crucial for preventing excessive bleeding.
- Disorders of hemostasis can arise from various underlying conditions in cats.
- Understanding feline hemostasis profiles is vital for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively review hemostasis profiles of cats presented to a veterinary teaching hospital.
- To identify common hemostatic abnormalities and their associated disorders in cats.
- To assess the prevalence of abnormal coagulation test results in a feline population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 101 feline medical and surgical cases.
- Analysis of hemostasis profiles including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and one-stage prothrombin time.
- Correlation of hemostatic abnormalities with underlying diagnoses.
Main Results:
- 69% of cats exhibited abnormal hemostasis profiles.
- Common abnormalities included mixed hemostatic defects (consistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation), thrombocytopenia, isolated prolonged APTT, and prolonged APTT with prolonged one-stage prothrombin time.
- Liver disease, neoplasia, and feline infectious peritonitis were the most frequent associated disorders.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal hemostasis is prevalent in cats requiring veterinary evaluation.
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia, and prolonged clotting times are common findings.
- Liver disease, neoplasia, and feline infectious peritonitis are significant underlying causes of hemostatic dysfunction in cats.
Abstract:
Hemostasis profiles from 101 cats presented for medical or surgical evaluation to The Ohio State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital from 1986 through 1991 were reviewed retrospectively; 69% were abnormal. Commonly identified abnormalities included a mixed hemostatic defect compatible with disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia, isolated prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and prolongation of both the APTT and one-stage prothrombin time. The most common disorders associated with abnormal hemostasis profiles in this study were liver disease, neoplasia, and feline infectious peritonitis.