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Related Experiment Videos

Reduced mortality associated with long-term postmenopausal estrogen therapy

B Ettinger1, G D Friedman, T Bush

  • 1Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, California, USA.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Long-term postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) use significantly reduces all-cause mortality in women. This protective effect is mainly due to a decrease in cardiovascular disease deaths.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is widely used for symptom management.
  • Long-term effects of ERT on mortality rates require comprehensive investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare all-cause and specific-cause mortality rates between long-term postmenopausal ERT users and non-users.
  • To identify specific causes of death influenced by ERT use.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study comparing 232 long-term postmenopausal ERT users with 222 age-matched non-users.
  • Data linkage of medical records to ascertain survivorship and causes of death.
  • Analysis of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality risks.

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Main Results:

  • Users exhibited a statistically significant reduction in all-cause mortality (RR 0.54, CI 0.38-0.76).
  • Significant reductions were observed in coronary heart disease (RR 0.40) and other cardiovascular disease (RR 0.27) mortality.
  • Cancer mortality was similar, with higher breast cancer risk (RR 1.89) but lower lung cancer risk (RR 0.22) in users.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term ERT use is associated with decreased all-cause mortality.
  • The primary mechanism for this protection appears to be a reduction in cardiovascular disease mortality.