Cleavage properties of an oligonucleotide containing a bridged internucleotide 5'-phosphorothioate RNA linkage

An oligonucleotide has been synthesized that contains a single bridging 5'-phosphorothioate at an RNA linkage (5'-ApCpGpGpTpCpTprCpsApCpGpApGpC-3'). This new phosphodiester linkage is found to be particularly susceptible to cleavage when compared with the corresponding oxo, deoxy and thiodeoxy derivatives. Divalent metal cations were observed to dramatically increase the cleavage rate. The products of the cleavage under a variety of conditions are a 5'-thiol-containing fragment (6mer) and a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate-containing fragment (8mer). The pseudo-first order rate constant, kobs, for cleavage at pH 7.5 (50 mM Tris-HCI) in the presence of 5 mM EDTA is 1.5 x 10(-4)/min. In the presence of 5 mM metal dichloride and 50 mM Tris-HCI, pH 7.5, the relative cleavage rate enhancements are 10, 24, 71, 98, 370 and 3400 for Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ respectively. The rate enhancements correlate well with Pearson's HSAB principle, suggesting that cleavage is mediated in part by coordination of the metal to the 5'-mercapto leaving group. RNA linkages containing bridging 5'-phosphorothioates should prove valuable for studying the mechanistic details of a variety of RNA cleaving agents, such as ribozymes.