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Related Experiment Videos

Expectations and sequelae to hypnosis: initial findings

W C Coe1, P Peterson, M Gwynn

  • 1Department of Psychology, California State University, Fresno, USA.

The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pre-hypnotic suggestions influence aftereffects. Specific warnings about negative hypnosis aftereffects increased their occurrence, while vague warnings did not significantly alter outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Hypnotherapy

Background:

  • Pre-hypnotic suggestion is a critical factor in shaping hypnotic experiences.
  • Understanding the impact of suggestion type on post-hypnotic aftereffects is essential for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different types of pre-hypnotic suggestions affect the incidence of negative aftereffects following hypnosis.
  • To explore the role of expectation in mediating the relationship between suggestion and aftereffects.

Main Methods:

  • Participants received one of three pre-hypnotic instructions before hypnosis using the Harvard Group Scale: no mention, vague warning, or specific warning of negative aftereffects.
  • A follow-up study varied only the degree of expectation for negative aftereffects.

Main Results:

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  • The specifically warned group reported more negative aftereffects than the other two groups.
  • Participants receiving no mention of aftereffects reported more negative aftereffects than the vaguely warned group.
  • The follow-up study did not yield significant group differences, but correlational analyses indicated subject variable interactions with instruction type.

Conclusions:

  • Specific warnings about negative aftereffects appear to increase their likelihood.
  • Vague warnings, potentially confounded by positive suggestions, did not significantly increase negative aftereffects.
  • Individual subject characteristics may interact with pre-hypnotic suggestions to influence hypnotic outcomes.