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Related Experiment Videos

Preliminary results of an absorbable interference screw

F A Barber1, B F Elrod, D A McGuire

  • 1Plano Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Center, Texas 75075, USA.

Arthroscopy : the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

The bioabsorbable interference screw (Bioscrew) shows comparable short-term outcomes to metal screws for arthroscopic patellar tendon autografts. This study found Bioscrews to be a reasonable alternative, with similar functional scores and stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomaterials science
  • Sports medicine

Background:

  • Interference screws are commonly used for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
  • Bioabsorbable screws offer potential advantages over metal screws, such as avoiding stress shielding and eliminating the need for removal.
  • Poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a common material for bioabsorbable implants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a bioabsorbable interference screw (Bioscrew) with a metal interference screw for arthroscopic patellar tendon autografts.
  • To evaluate graft stability, patient-reported outcomes, and implant-related complications.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, prospective, multicenter study comparing Bioscrews and metal interference screws in 110 patients undergoing arthroscopic patellar tendon autografts.

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  • Follow-up data available for 85 patients (mean 19 months).
  • Outcomes assessed using Tegner, Lysholm scores, KT-1000 arthrometer testing, and pivot shift examination.

    • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences in postoperative Tegner and Lysholm scores between the Bioscrew and metal screw groups.
    • KT-1000 laxity measurements at 1 year showed comparable side-to-side differences between groups (1.8 mm for Bioscrew vs. 1.2 mm for metal screw).
    • A pivot shift was absent in 83% of Bioscrew patients and 90% of metal screw patients. Six Bioscrews (7%) broke upon insertion, with no additional fixation needed in four cases. No lytic bone changes or tunnel widening were observed with Bioscrews.

    Conclusions:

    • The bioabsorbable interference screw (Bioscrew) demonstrates comparable short-term clinical and stability outcomes to metal interference screws in arthroscopic patellar tendon autografts.
    • Bioscrews represent a viable alternative to metal screws, with a low incidence of implant-related complications.
    • Further long-term studies are warranted to fully assess the durability and potential benefits of bioabsorbable interference screws.