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Coracoacromial ligament: a comparative arthroscopic and anatomic study

M Gallino1, B Battiston, G Annaratone

  • 1Divisione di Ortopedia, Presidio Sanitario Gradenigo, Torino, Italy.

Arthroscopy : the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

This study re-evaluates the coracoacromial ligament

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The coracoacromial ligament is traditionally described as a triangular lamina with no mechanical role.
  • Existing anatomical descriptions may not fully capture its structural complexity and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a detailed anatomical study of the coracoacromial ligament.
  • To compare traditional descriptions with empirical findings from anatomical preparations and arthroscopic evaluations.
  • To propose a new pathogenic hypothesis for subacromial impingement based on revised anatomical understanding.

Main Methods:

  • Anatomical dissection of 20 cadaveric shoulder preparations.
  • Review of arthroscopic findings from 40 clinical cases.
  • Evaluation of the coracoacromial ligament's shape, thickness, and tension.

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Main Results:

  • The coracoacromial ligament was observed to be trapezoidal, not triangular.
  • It possesses a wide reflex portion situated beneath the acromion.
  • Ligament thickness ranged from 2 to 5.6 mm, indicating a robust structure.

Conclusions:

  • The coracoacromial ligament's structure suggests a significant suspension role for the coracoid.
  • This robust nature contrasts with the action of muscles attaching to the coracoid.
  • These findings support a new hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of subacromial impingement syndrome.