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Renal masses in the neonate
1Department of Pediatrics, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Biology of the Neonate
|January 1, 1995
Summary
Abdominal masses in newborns are often renal. Ultrasound differentiates cystic from solid masses, guiding early intervention to preserve the kidney or patient life.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric radiology
- Neonatal nephrology
Background:
- Abdominal masses are common in neonates, with two-thirds originating from the kidneys.
- Differentiating between cystic and solid masses is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the differential diagnosis of neonatal abdominal masses.
- To emphasize the role of ultrasound in characterizing these masses.
- To highlight the importance of early intervention.
Main Methods:
- Clinical palpation of abdominal masses.
- Diagnostic ultrasound examination to differentiate cystic from solid masses.
- Review of common and rare renal and adrenal masses in newborns.
Main Results:
- Common benign cystic masses include hydronephrosis, multicystic dysplasia, polycystic disease, and adrenal hemorrhage.
- Solid masses encompass renal vein thrombosis, ectopic kidney, and horseshoe kidneys.
- Malignant possibilities include congenital mesoblastic nephroma, Wilms' tumor, and fetal hamartoma.
Conclusions:
- Accurate differentiation of neonatal abdominal masses via ultrasound is essential.
- Timely diagnosis and intervention are critical for favorable outcomes.
- Management strategies depend on the specific mass etiology.