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The origin of pilonidal sinus: a case report
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan.
Abstract:
The etiology of pilonidal sinus remains controversial. Some think it is congenital, and others think it is acquired. It is difficult to distinguish acquired pilonidal sinus from congenital, because infection almost always complicates both. We report here one case of acquired pilonidal sinus unaccompanied by infection. Histological examination showed that no epidermis or hair follicle was present in the inner wall of the sinus. This case shows that acquired pilonidal sinus is due to invasion of external hairs and that this condition needs to be distinguished from congenital pilonidal sinus.
Insights
The cause of pilonidal sinus is debated. This case suggests acquired pilonidal sinus results from external hair invasion, distinct from congenital forms, even without infection.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Surgical Pathology
- Dermatology
Background:
- The origin of pilonidal sinus, whether congenital or acquired, is a long-standing debate in medical literature.
- Distinguishing between congenital and acquired pilonidal sinus is challenging, primarily due to frequent secondary infections complicating both conditions.
Observation:
- A unique case of acquired pilonidal sinus is presented, notably without any signs of infection.
- Histological analysis of the sinus's inner wall revealed the absence of epidermal or hair follicle structures.
Findings:
- This case supports the theory that acquired pilonidal sinus arises from the invasion of external hairs into the subcutaneous tissue.
- The absence of infection in this instance highlights a key differentiating factor from commonly observed cases.
Implications:
- The findings emphasize the importance of considering external hair invasion as a primary cause for acquired pilonidal sinus.
- Accurate differentiation between acquired and congenital pilonidal sinus is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and treatment strategies.
