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Thyroid hormone in hyperemesis gravidarum

A K Tareen¹, A Baseer, H F Jaffry

¹National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Tokyo, Japan)

|October 1, 1995

Summary

Thyroid hormones and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are linked to pregnancy nausea. Elevated T4 and hCG, with decreased TSH, correlate with morning sickness severity.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Reproductive Medicine
Biochemistry

Background:

Nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy are common symptoms.
Previous research suggests a connection between these symptoms and hormonal changes, specifically thyroid hormones and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4, TSH) and hCG in pregnant women experiencing nausea and vomiting.
To compare hormonal profiles in women with morning sickness and hyperemesis gravidarum against a control group.

Main Methods:

Enzyme immunoassay was used to measure serum T3, T4, TSH, and hCG levels in 60 pregnant women (30 with morning sickness, 30 with hyperemesis gravidarum) and 30 controls.
Student's t-test and correlation analysis (coefficient 'r') were employed for statistical evaluation.

Main Results:

Significantly elevated serum T4 and hCG levels were observed in the hyperemesis gravidarum group.
A significant decline in serum TSH was noted in women with hyperemesis gravidarum.
Correlation analysis revealed a direct relationship between serum T4 and hCG, and an inverse relationship between serum TSH and hCG in pregnancies with morning sickness.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest that altered levels of thyroid hormones and hCG play a role in the pathogenesis of morning sickness and hyperemesis gravidarum.
The degree of hormonal alteration correlates with the severity of pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting symptoms.

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