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Some observations concerning expulsive hemorrhage

G Palimeris, E Chimonidou, P Velissaropoulos

    Ophthalmologica. Journal International D'Ophtalmologie. International Journal of Ophthalmology. Zeitschrift Fur Augenheilkunde
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Expulsive hemorrhage, a rare complication in intraocular surgery, occurred in 0.05% of cases. Key factors include high intraocular pressure, hypertension, and vascular issues, with milder forms seen recently due to osmotic drugs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Surgical Complications
    • Vascular Health

    Background:

    • Expulsive hemorrhage is a severe complication during intraocular surgery.
    • Understanding its etiology is crucial for prevention and management.
    • Recent trends suggest milder presentations possibly linked to new therapeutic agents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the incidence of expulsive hemorrhage in a large cohort of intraocular surgeries.
    • To identify the primary etiological factors contributing to this complication.
    • To discuss the changing clinical manifestations and outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 23,985 intraocular surgical operations.
    • Identification and review of cases presenting with expulsive hemorrhage.

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  • Correlation of hemorrhage occurrence with patient comorbidities and surgical factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Expulsive hemorrhage occurred in 12 patients (0.05%) out of 23,985 operations.
    • Increased intraocular pressure, hypertension, and vascular sclerosis were identified as principal etiological factors.
    • Milder forms, such as subchoroidal hemorrhage, were observed more recently, potentially due to osmotic drugs.
    • The eyeball was salvaged in 9 out of 12 affected patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Expulsive hemorrhage remains a rare but significant risk in intraocular surgery.
    • Effective management of intraocular pressure and systemic vascular health is paramount.
    • The evolving presentation necessitates continued vigilance and research into contributing factors like osmotic agents.