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Related Experiment Videos

Immunohistochemistry in histoid leprosy

G J Kontochristopoulos1, K Aroni, D N Panteleos

  • 1Hansen's Disease Center, General Hospital of Western Attica, Athens, Greece.

International Journal of Dermatology
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Histoid leprosy, a rare dapsone-resistant form, shows reduced dendritic epidermal cells and altered HLA-DR expression. Findings suggest a modified cellular hypersensitivity response that limits lesion spread but doesn't eliminate leprosy bacilli.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunopathology
  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Histoid leprosy is a rare, multibacillary form often linked to dapsone resistance.
  • Its precise etiopathogenesis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular immunophenotypes in histoid leprosy.
  • To compare these findings with tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis of skin biopsies from histoid, tuberculoid, and lepromatous leprosy patients.
  • Evaluation of epidermal and dermal cell populations using specific monoclonal antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Reduced expression of dendritic epidermal cells (CD1, HLA-DR, CD45, CD36) in histoid leprosy compared to other forms.

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  • Decreased keratinocytic HLA-DR expression correlated with disease severity (tuberculoid > lepromatous > histoid).
  • Lymphomonocytic cell patterns in histoid lesions resembled tuberculoid leprosy but lacked organized granulomas.

    • Conclusions:

    • In situ immunohistochemistry suggests a modified cellular hypersensitivity reaction in histoid leprosy.
    • This reaction may inhibit lesion expansion without eradicating Mycobacterium leprae.