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B cells are generated throughout life in humans

C Nuñez1, N Nishimoto, G L Gartland

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-3300, USA.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|January 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary

B cell development originates multifocally in fetal tissues, with bone marrow becoming the primary site from mid-gestation. A consistent ratio of immature B cell precursors to B cells is maintained throughout life, with mature B cells accumulating in adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Hematopoiesis

Background:

  • B cell development is crucial for adaptive immunity.
  • Understanding B cell origins and maturation sites is key to immune system development.
  • Age-related changes in B cell populations are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze B cell development across different life stages.
  • To investigate the origin and primary site of B cell generation.
  • To characterize age-associated changes in bone marrow B cell populations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of B cell distribution in fetal tissues.
  • Flow cytometry to identify B cell phenotypes (progenitor, immature, mature).
  • Assessment of recombinase gene activity in B cell precursors.

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Main Results:

  • B cell lineage cells show a widespread distribution in fetal tissues, suggesting multifocal embryonic origin.
  • Bone marrow is the major human B cell generation site from mid-gestation onwards.
  • A constant ratio of immature B cell precursors to immature B cells is maintained from mid-gestation to old age.
  • A distinct subpopulation of mature B cells accumulates in bone marrow during childhood, becoming predominant in adults.

Conclusions:

  • B cell development initiates multifocally during embryogenesis.
  • Bone marrow serves as the principal site for B cell production throughout human life.
  • The accumulation of mature B cells in adult bone marrow may reflect peripheral recirculation and selection.