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Sociological dimensions of illness behavior

D Mechanic1

  • 1Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Rethinking patient care beyond the disease model is crucial. Focusing on illness behavior and disability processes can improve function and quality of life for individuals with chronic conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Primary Care Medicine
  • Disability Studies
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Traditional diagnostic disease models are insufficient for addressing the complexities of illness and disability in primary care.
  • Aging populations and rising chronic disease rates necessitate innovative patient assessment and intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the disability process using illness behavior as a framework.
  • To identify strategies for promoting patient function and quality of life.
  • To consider the role of social policy and environmental factors in disability.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of illness behavior and self-appraisal.
  • Examination of individual-level interventions (e.g., coping strategies, assistive devices).
  • Consideration of broader social and environmental influences on disability.

Main Results:

  • Individual interventions can modify impairments, enhance motivation, and improve coping.
  • Social policy and environmental changes are critical for addressing disability.
  • Social movements influence the definition and perception of illness and disability.

Conclusions:

  • Broader practice orientations are emerging to address disability more holistically.
  • Interventions should encompass individual support, social policy, and environmental remediation.
  • Shifting focus from disease to disability processes enhances patient well-being and function.

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